Animals of the world, Roe Deer

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The roe deer is widespread in Europe
The roe deer’s coat is reddish brown in summer and greyish brown in winter. It has a pale buff patch around its rump.
Size; body length 95–135 cm (3.1–4.4 ft), shoulder height 65–75 cm (2.1–2.5 ft), and weight 15–35 kg (33–77 lb)
Bucks in good conditions develop antlers. The roe deer begin regrowing antlers in the winter and almost immediately after they are shed
The roe deer is very quick and graceful
They feed mainly on grass, leaves, berries, and young shoots
Life expectancy in the wild is 10 years
The roe deer is territorial, other roe deer of the same sex are excluded unless they are the doe’s offspring of that year
They tend to be solitary in summer, but forms small, loose groups in winter
The rut, or breeding season, occurs between mid-July to mid-August. Fights between bucks can result in serious injury or death with the winner taking over the loser’s territory or attendant doe
They are active throughout the 24-hour period, but make more use of open spaces during the hours of darkness
When alarmed bucks and does give a short bark, which is often repeated

Animals of the world, Orangutan

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A large, mainly solitary arboreal ape with long red hair, long arms, and hooked hands and feet, native to Borneo and Sumatra.
Orangutans are the world’s largest tree-climbing mammals.
Their powerful arms are stronger and longer than their legs and can reach 2m in length
Orangutan means ‘person of the forest’ in the Malay language
Orangutans travel by moving from one tree to another and usually avoid climbing down to the ground
They can live up to 50 years in the wild, average about 40 years
The orangutan’s diet includes fruit, such as durians, jackfruit, lychees, mangosteens, mangoes, and figs, young leaves and shoots, insects, soil, tree bark, woody lianas, and occasionally eggs and small vertebrates
Whether for a quick nap or a full night’s sleep, orangutans build treetop nests from branches and foliage to bed down in
Of the four kinds of great apes, only the orangutan comes from Asia
The orangutan’s hair colour, orange-reddish brown is unique in the ape world.
Orangutans do not swim, although they have been recorded wading in water.
The main predators of orangutans are tigers

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Magpies are resident birds throughout Europe, much of Asia and northwest Africa
The magpie is 44 – 46 cm in length—in the adult over 50% of this is tail—and a wingspan of 52 – 62 cm.
They belong to the Corvid (or Crow) family of birds that includes Crows and Ravens.
In Europe, the Magpie is predominantly a lowland bird of open or lightly wooded country
The common magpie is black and white overall with blue-green iridescent flashes in the wing and tail
The common magpie is one of the most intelligent birds—and one of the most intelligent animals to exist. Their brain-to-body-mass ratio is outmatched only by that of humans and equals that of aquatic mammals and great apes.
Like other corvids, such as crows, the Magpie usually walks, but it can also hop quickly sideways with wings slightly opened.
The Magpie and the rest of its family are fond of bright objects.
The Magpie eat animal food e.g young birds and eggs, insects, scraps and carrion. The bird may also eat acorns, grain, and other vegetable substances.
Magpies are territorial and stay in their territory all year. The pairs are monogamous, and remain together the rest of their lives. Should one of the two die, the widow or widower will find a new partner from the stock of yearlings.
Magpies prefer tall trees for their bulky nest, firmly attaching them to a central fork in the upper branches
Life expectancy 3-5 years

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They are a successful and diverse group of insects. Wasps have spread to all parts of the world except for the polar regions
They come in every colour imaginable, from the familiar yellow to brown, metallic blue, and bright red. Generally, the brighter coloured species are in the Vespidae, or stinging wasp, family.
Wasps have two pairs of wings. The hind pair is usually hidden beneath the front pair and, when at rest, the wings are folded lengthwise in the manner of a fan.
Most wasps live less than one year
The most commonly known wasps are in the family Vespidae and are social, living together in a nest with an egg-laying queen and non-reproducing workers
The needle-like sting is concealed near the tip of the abdomen. It is only possessed by the female-male wasps do not sting.
The grubs require a largely protein diet and they are thus fed on masticated insect prey brought in by foraging workers. The workers, however, need mainly carbohydrates and thus favour nectar and a variety of sweet substances such as fresh and processed fruits
While the vast majority of wasps plays no role in pollination, a few species can effectively transport pollen and pollinate several plant species.
Wasps are distinguishable from bees by their narrow “waist,” called a petiole, that separates the abdomen from the thorax.

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Domestic cows are one of the most common farm animals around the world
Cows belong to the family Bovidae (hollow-horned ruminants)
The size and weight of a cow are highly dependent on the breed. Mature males weigh 450–1,800 kg (1,000–4,000 pounds) and females weigh 360–1,100 kg (800–2,400 pounds)
Vision is the dominant sense, almost 50% of their information is obtained visually.
Both males and females have horns, and although these may be short in many breeds, they can grow to be spectacularly large.
Cattles most important mode of communication is vocalizations, it can provide information on the age, sex, dominance status and reproductive status of the caller.
The most specialized adaption that cows have is their massive four-chambered stomach, which acts as a fermentation vat
Global stocks of cows were estimated at nearly one billion animals in 2016, with India, Brazil, and China has the largest populations
Cows were first domesticated between 8,000 and 10,000 years ago from the aurochs (B. Taurus primigenius), a wild species of cattle that once ranged across Eurasia
Cows usually have their first calf when they are just under two years old—with single calves being typical, although twins sometimes occur
Cows can live for 20 years or more